Understanding Guide to Mimikatz

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What is Mimikatz?

Mimikatz is a Tool made in C Language by Benjamin Delpy. It is a great tool to extract plain text passwords, hashes and Kerberos Tickets from Memory. It can also be used to generate Golden Tickets.

You can get Mimikatz In ZIP from here. Or you can build it for git from here.

Mimikatz comes in 2 architectures: x32 and x64. Here is a screenshot of the x64 mimikatz bash.

Generate Skeleton Key with Mimikatz

Victim: Windows Server 2012 R2 (Domain Controller)

Attacker: Mimikatz (On Windows Server 2012 R2)

In this attack, what mimikatz installs the patch on the Domain Controller to accept “mimikatz” as a new login password? It can be thought as a Master Key which will open the Active Directory to the attacker. This attack can be performed as shown below.

First, I will try to login on my Server using mimikatz as a password.

As you can see clearly that we cannot login into the server using ‘mimikatz’ as a password.

Now I will log in the server using its password which is ‘T00r’.

And as you can see below I have logged in the Server using the correct password

If you ever are logged in on a server or have a server unlocked, you can create a skeleton key to be stored inside the memory of the Server by using Mimikatz.

Launch the Mimikatz Terminal according to the architecture of the server (x32, x64). Now first we will get the debugging privilege in Mimikatz using

privilege::debug

And then we will inject the mimikatz skeleton key in the memory of server using

misc::skeleton

With this, we have our skeleton key successfully injected on the server.

Note: You will have to open mimikatz with Administrative Privilege to create a Skeleton Key.

Now I will try to login the server using the skeleton key “mimikatz” we just injected in the memory. Remember last time we tried to log in the server using mimikatz as a password we were unsuccessful.

But this time ‘mimikatz’ was accepted as a password. This does not mean that we reset the original password ‘T00r’. The server will continue to log in using ‘T00r’ but now it will also accept ‘mimikatz’ as a password too.

Now, remember that we injected the skeleton key in the memory, not in storage so the next time that admin restarts the server we will lose the access. So the best way to protect your Domain Controller from Skeleton Key is a practice of restarting the Server Frequently or prevents mimikatz from accessing the memory.

Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) with Mimikatz

Attacker: Mimikatz (on Windows 7)

Victim: Windows 7

We can perform a Blue Screen of Death or BSOD attack using mimikatz. This shows how powerful this tool is. To perform the BSOD on a System follow the steps mentioned below:

• Run mimikatz with Administrator
• Start mimidrv service

!+

Now Initiate the BSOD as given below in the following command.

!bsod

As you can see below we have the Blue Screen of Death Error

Note: This attack can corrupt data and potentially harm the system. Use Carefully !!

Display Hostname

You can extract hostname of the Victim System by typing hostname in the mimikatz Terminal.

hostname

We have extracted the hostname of the system as Pavan-pc

Golden Ticket Generation with Mimikatz

Attacker: Mimikatz on Windows Server 2012 R2

Victim: Windows Server 2012 R2

To Generate a Golden Ticket, we will require the following information:

• Domain
• SID
• NTLM Hash

Let’s get the Domain First.

To get the Domain we will run the ipconfig /all from the Command Line or PowerShell

• Domain on my Server is Pavan.local
• Now to get SID we will use whoami /user command as shown in given below image.

Now we will mimikatz itself to extract the NTLM hash required to generate the Ticket.

First, we will get the Debugging Privilege using the following command given below.

privilege::debug

And now to extract hashes we will run following command given below.

sekurlsa::logonpasswords

And now we have it all that we need to generate the Ticket.

Syntax: Kerberos::golden /domain:[Domain] /sid:[SID] /rc4:[NTLM Hash] /user:[Username To Create] /id:500 /ptt

kerberos::golden /domain:PAVAN.LOCAL /sid:S-1-5-21-1118594253-693012904-2765600535 /rc4:9a7a6f22651d6a0fcc6e6a0c723c9cb0 /user:hacker /id:500 /ptt

Here I am creating the golden key for a user named ‘hacker’; you can use any of the existing users of the Domain or create a new one.

I am using the [/ppt] option to pass the ticket in the current session.

Now run the command prompt to the access of Share Folder and execute given below command:

pushd \\WINSERVER01\c$

Now we are in Z: drive execute given below command for NT directory services

cd WINDOWS\NTDS
DIR

As you can see that we get the access to the shared folder which cannot be accessed without Admin Access but we had obtained it without using CMD as administrator. From given below image you can observe that it is showing 8 files and 2 folders.

Remotely Generating Golden Ticket

Attacker: Kali

Victim: Windows Server 2012 R2

Firstly get a Meterpreter Access of the Server which you can learn from here

Once gaining the meterpreter upload the mimikatz folder to the victim system using the command

upload -r /root/Desktop/mimi c:\

Remember to use -r so that upload command uploads recursively.

Open the shell and extract Domain using ipconfig /all

And SID using the whoami /user

Now go to the location where we uploaded the mimikatz earlier and run mimikatz.exe as shown below

Now let’s extract the krbtgt NTLM hash using the following command

lsadump::lsa /inject /name:krbtgt

Now using all the information extracted let’s generate a golden ticket in the same way we did above.

kerberos::golden /domain:pavan.loc /sid:S-1-5-21-97841242-3460736137-492355079 /rc4:e847d2e54044172830e3e3a6b8438853 /user:Hacker /id:500 /ptt

Now let’s take the access of Share Folder and as you can see that we get access to the shared folder which cannot be accessed without Admin Access.

Hence we successfully generated a golden ticket in a Windows Server Remotely via Kali

Now let’s take the access of Share Folder and as you can see that we get access to the shared folder which cannot be accessed without Admin Access.

Hence we successfully generated a golden ticket in a Windows Server Remotely via Kali

Hack the Minesweeper Game

We all have played Minesweeper Game, and it is tough to get all the mines right but those days of worry are over. To show that the Mimikatz is a powerful but a playful Tool, here I will hack the minesweeper game using Mimikatz.

Firstly open Mimikatz of your respective architecture.

And then open the Minesweeper Game

To load minesweeper in the mimikatz by using

minesweeper::infos

You can see in the above screenshot that the minesweeper grid is shown in the mimikatz shell.

Now click on any Random block on the minesweeper.

Now run the previous command again and now we have locations of mine on the grid.

You can verify this image with the One with Mimikatz shell.

Author: Pavandeep Singh is a Technical Writer, Researcher and Penetration Tester Contact here