Genie, discovered 1970 in Los Angeles. Confined to one room without external stimulation of any kind, strapped to a child's toilet and restrained in a makeshift harness for up to 13 hours per day.[52][53] It was also theorized that Genie's father would beat her with a wooden plank kept in the room if Genie vocalized at all.[54][52] This abuse continued for approximately 13 years and 6 months.[55][56][57] Attempts were made to teach Genie language, but results were limited.[52][58] Genie's living situation was mostly unstable, often moving between hospitals, foster homes and even an unsuccessful stay with her own mother.[59] As of 2016, Genie is a ward of the state of California.[60